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24H+ Economy portal opens to applicants – Manufacturers, farmers, investors, traders can register interest

The government has launched a dedicated portal for the Expression of Interest (EOI) in any of the pillars under the 24-Hour Economy and Accelerated Export Development Programme (24H+).

 

People across all sectors, from farmers to industrialists, have been invited to formally register their interest to participate in what President John Dramani Mahama describes as the country’s most ambitious economic transformation agenda.

 

The portal, accessible at www.24hplus.gov.gh, directs prospective participants to a structured online form through which they may indicate interest in a broad range of government-backed economic opportunities, spanning agro-ecological parks, pharmaceutical innovation, textile manufacturing, air cargo logistics, and creative industry academies.

 

Every Ghanaian

 

The 24H+ Secretariat has outlined nine key pathways through which citizens and enterprises can engage with the programme.

 

Prospective participants are encouraged to visit the website and click on the Expression of Interest form to complete their registration and follow the recommended steps.

 

The opportunities currently open for registration include becoming a ‘24/7 Ready Business’ — earning certification for continuous operations, unlocking access to financing, tax benefits, and expert training.

 

Others are becoming an Anchor Farmer in the Agbledu Agro-Ecological Park, with access to irrigation, guaranteed markets under the GROW24 initiative, equipment sharing, cold storage, and direct export channels; setting up an Agro-Processing Facility, with matching to industrial zones and available financing; becoming a Transporter on the Volta Lake, serving the Volta , serving the Volta Economic Corridor logistics network.

 

It also includes registering interest in a Wumbei Industrial Park for manufacturing, processing or assembly operations; participating in the Tamale Air Cargo Hub, positioned as Ghana’s northern export and cold chain gateway; joining the Akosombo Textiles and Garments Park within the government’s reindustrialised textile ecosystem.

 

Also available is taking part in the Legon Pharmaceutical Innovation Park, contributing to Ghana’s emerging wellness and medicine value chain; and enrolling in the National Creators’ Academy to develop skills in music, content, animation or digital storytelling.

 

Incentives

 

The 24H+ programme introduces a performance-based incentive structure that ties benefits directly to a firm’s contribution to the national economy.

 

The regime rewards local linkages, job creation and value addition with tangible fiscal and operational advantages.

 

​Businesses operating two shifts will benefit from a significant reduction in corporate income tax (CIT), while those running a full three-shift, round-the-clock operation will enjoy a substantial CIT reduction alongside priority access to electricity, water and expedited regulatory services.

 

​Additional incentives are import tax exemptions on machinery, renewable energy inputs, logistics equipment, and raw materials not available locally; Value Added Tax (VAT) relief for firms in key sectors; export performance rebates scaled to the proportion of local inputs used in production; and geographic tax relief for young entrepreneurs in manufacturing, information and communications technology (ICT), agro-processing, and tourism, with tax-free periods in the early years of operation.

 

Concessionary financing is also available, with loans below market rates through Development Bank Ghana (DBG) and equity funding via the Venture Capital Trust Fund, with priority accorded to cooperatives and trade associations.

 

Vision, programme design

 

President Mahama, at the launch of the programme in July last year, described 24H+ as “a holistic, integrated multisectoral programme that allows our producers to attack the key bottlenecks holding production back in agriculture, fisheries, manufacturing, and the creative industries.”

 

The programme is anchored on three transformation pillars — Production, Market and Supply Chains, and Human Capital — and is designed to re-engineer the country’s productive economy from the ground up, shifting the country away from dependence on raw material exports towards the production and export of value-added goods, including processed foods, pharmaceuticals, garments, industrial inputs, and digital services.

 

Key flagship projects under the programme include the Volta Economic Corridor, the Legon Pharmaceutical Innovation Park, the Kumasi Machinery and Technology Park, and Ghana Mall, among others.

 

For young people aged between 18 and 35, the programme offers free digital skills training at Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) centres in all 16 regions, guaranteed internships with 24H+ partner companies, and start-up business loans ranging from GH¢5,000 to GH¢500,000.

Ghana Signs Landmark AI Education Partnership with Google for Education

 Ghana’s Ministry of Education signs MoU with Google for Education to integrate Artificial Intelligence into teaching, learning, and digital skills development.


Ministry of Education Partners Google for Education

The has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with to advance the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies into Ghana’s education system.

The agreement was signed by the Minister for Education, Hon. , and Mr. , representing Google for Education.


Partnership to Strengthen AI and Digital Learning

The collaboration is expected to support innovation in teaching and learning while improving digital literacy among students and educators.

According to the Ministry, the partnership will focus on:

  • Integrating AI technologies into education
  • Enhancing teacher capacity and digital skills
  • Promoting innovation in classrooms
  • Preparing students for future jobs in a technology-driven economy
  • Expanding access to modern digital learning tools

Education officials say the initiative aligns with broader national efforts to modernize education and improve workforce readiness.


Preparing Ghanaian Students for the Future of Work

Government believes the partnership will help equip Ghanaian learners with critical 21st-century skills required in emerging global industries.

Stakeholders say the integration of AI into education could improve personalized learning, classroom efficiency, research capabilities, and access to digital educational resources.

The initiative is also expected to support the country’s growing emphasis on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education.


Government Reaffirms Commitment to Education Transformation

The signing of the agreement reflects the Government of ’s commitment to transforming education through technology, innovation, and international collaboration.

Officials maintain that partnerships with global technology leaders are essential in positioning Ghanaian students to compete effectively in the digital age.


Boosting Global Competitiveness Through Technology

Education analysts describe the agreement as a major milestone in Ghana’s digital education agenda.

The partnership between the and is expected to open new opportunities for digital learning, innovation, and educational transformation nationwide.


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TTAG Removes Two Sector Coordinators, NEC Takes Over EGA Elections

Teacher Trainees’ Association of Ghana removes two sector coordinators and announces National Electoral Commission oversight of EGA sector elections.


TTAG Announces Removal of Sector Coordinators

The (TTAG) has announced the immediate removal of two sector coordinators from office.

In a press release issued by the National Secretariat on May 20, 2026, the Association stated that the affected officials are no longer authorized to act or communicate on behalf of TTAG.

The officers removed are:

  • Mr. Frederick Gyamfi Danqwah — Former Coordinator of the WEC Sector, covering the Western, Western North, and Central Regions
  • Mr. Eugene Boakye — Former Coordinator of the ASHBA Sector, covering the Ashanti, Bono, Bono East, and Ahafo Regions

According to TTAG, the decision takes immediate effect.


No Acting National Coordinator Appointed

The Association further clarified that there is currently no Acting National Coordinator in office.

TTAG cautioned members and stakeholders against recognizing or dealing with any individual claiming to hold such authority without official approval from the Association.


National Electoral Commission to Supervise EGA Elections

TTAG also announced that its National Electoral Commission has officially assumed responsibility for the conduct and supervision of the upcoming EGA Sector elections.

The EGA Sector covers the Eastern and Greater Accra Regions.

According to the statement, the Commission will independently oversee all electoral processes, determine election modalities, and ensure compliance with the Association’s constitutional provisions.


Stakeholders Urged to Follow Official Directives

Members, aspirants, and stakeholders within the EGA Sector have been directed to comply fully with instructions issued by the Electoral Commission.

TTAG indicated that additional timelines, guidelines, and election procedures would be communicated in due course.


Statement Signed by National Executives

The release was jointly signed by:

  • — General Secretary
  • — President

The statement forms part of efforts by the to ensure orderly administration and constitutional compliance within the Association.



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  • Ghana TVET Service Opens 2025 Promotion Exercise
  • WAEC Introduces New WASSCE Curriculum

Government Begins Transition of Health Training Institutions into Tertiary Status

 Government launches transition of Health Training Institutions into tertiary institutions with new BSc Nursing, Midwifery, and diploma programmes across selected schools.


Health Training Institutions Begin Tertiary Transition

The Government of has officially commenced plans to transform Health Training Institutions into fully recognized tertiary institutions.

As part of the transition, selected institutions will begin offering Bachelor of Science (BSc) programmes in Nursing and Midwifery alongside expanded diploma programmes in the 2026 academic year.

The move represents a significant shift in health education policy aimed at strengthening healthcare training and improving the quality of healthcare delivery nationwide.


New BSc Programmes Introduced

Authorities have confirmed that forty-three (43) Bachelor of Science programmes are being introduced across fourteen (14) health training institutions.

The programmes are expected to focus largely on:

  • Nursing education
  • Midwifery training
  • Advanced clinical competencies
  • Professional healthcare development

Education and health sector officials believe the initiative will improve professional standards and align Ghana’s healthcare training system with global tertiary education practices.


Additional Diploma Programmes Approved

In addition to the BSc programmes, nine diploma programmes have been introduced in five institutions as part of efforts to broaden access to professional healthcare training.

The expansion is expected to increase enrolment opportunities while addressing workforce shortages within the health sector.


Boosting Ghana’s Healthcare Workforce

The transition forms part of broader government efforts to produce highly skilled healthcare professionals capable of responding to evolving healthcare demands.

Stakeholders say the reforms will:

  • Improve the quality of healthcare education
  • Enhance practical and clinical training
  • Strengthen professional competencies
  • Increase the supply of qualified health personnel nationwide

Major Reform in Health Education

Education analysts describe the development as a landmark reform in Ghana’s health training system.

The conversion of Health Training Institutions into tertiary-level establishments is expected to improve accreditation standards, research capacity, and career progression opportunities for students and professionals.


Supporting National Healthcare Delivery

Officials maintain that the initiative will play a critical role in strengthening Ghana’s healthcare delivery system by ensuring the training of competent and globally competitive healthcare practitioners.

The reforms are also expected to contribute to improved patient care, workforce sustainability, and national health outcomes


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How to Use Formative Assessment in Basic Schools in Ghana: A Practical Classroom Guide

Ferdinand  | EducationGhana | May 17 | How to Use Formative Assessment in Basic Schools in Ghana: A Practical Classroom Guide

Learn how to use formative assessment effectively in basic schools. This guide explains strategies, classroom examples, feedback methods, and implementation steps for teachers in Ghana.


Introduction

Formative assessment has become a central feature of effective teaching and learning in basic schools in Ghana. Unlike traditional assessment methods that focus mainly on end-of-term examinations, formative assessment is integrated into daily classroom activities to monitor learner progress and improve instruction in real time.

Many teachers are already applying elements of formative assessment without fully recognising it. However, effective use requires intentional planning, structured feedback, and consistent application.

In Ghana, formative assessment is strongly aligned with the standards-based curriculum and is encouraged by the Ghana Education Service as part of improving learning outcomes at the basic level.

This article explains how to use formative assessment effectively in basic schools, with practical classroom examples and strategies that teachers can apply immediately.

What Is Formative Assessment?

Formative assessment refers to continuous assessment activities carried out during teaching and learning to monitor student understanding and improve instruction.

It is not used primarily for grading but for:

  • Identifying learning gaps
  • Improving teaching methods
  • Supporting learner progress

Key Feature of Formative Assessment

Formative assessment is:

  • Continuous
  • Interactive
  • Feedback-driven
  • Learner-centred

Practical Example

A Mathematics teacher introduces fractions. Instead of waiting for a test, the teacher asks learners to solve simple problems during the lesson. Based on their responses, the teacher revises difficult areas immediately.

Why Formative Assessment Matters in Basic Schools

1. Improves Learner Understanding

It allows teachers to detect misunderstandings early.

Example

If learners struggle with multiplication, the teacher can revisit the concept before moving forward.

2. Enhances Teaching Effectiveness

Teachers adjust their methods based on learner responses.

Example

A Science teacher notices learners do not understand evaporation from explanation alone and introduces a practical demonstration using heated water.

3. Promotes Active Learning

Learners participate more when assessment is part of the lesson.


4. Reduces Learning Gaps

Continuous feedback ensures weaker learners receive timely support.


Forms of Formative Assessment


1. Questioning

Teachers ask questions during lessons to check understanding.

Example

“Why do plants need sunlight?”

Learners respond, and the teacher clarifies misconceptions immediately.


2. Class Exercises

Short written tasks given during or after lessons.

Example

After teaching nouns, learners identify nouns in sentences provided on the board.


3. Observation

Teachers observe learner behaviour and participation.

Example

A teacher notices a learner consistently avoids group discussions and provides encouragement.


4. Group Work

Learners work together on tasks and present findings.

Example

Groups discuss causes of pollution and present solutions to the class.


5. Quizzes and Short Tests

Quick assessments used to check understanding.

Example

A 5-minute spelling quiz after a vocabulary lesson.


6. Peer Assessment

Learners assess each other’s work under guidance.

Example

Students exchange exercise books and check answers using a marking guide.


Step-by-Step Guide to Using Formative Assessment


Step 1: Set Clear Learning Objectives

Before teaching, define what learners should achieve.

Example

“Learners should be able to identify the parts of a plant.”


Step 2: Plan Assessment Activities

Integrate assessment into lesson planning.

Example

  • Oral questions during lesson
  • Group activity
  • Short exercise at the end

Step 3: Implement During Teaching

Use assessment naturally during instruction.


Example

During a lesson on water cycle:

  • Ask questions after each stage
  • Observe learner responses
  • Clarify misunderstandings immediately

Step 4: Provide Immediate Feedback

Feedback should be given quickly.

Weak Feedback

“Wrong.”

Effective Feedback

“Your answer is close, but remember that evaporation happens when water is heated.”


Step 5: Adjust Teaching Based on Results

If learners struggle, revise the topic.

Example

If many learners fail a quiz on fractions, the teacher revisits the concept using practical objects.


Practical Classroom Example of Formative Assessment


Subject: Integrated Science

Topic: Evaporation

Step 1: Introduction

Teacher asks:
“What happens to water when it is left in the sun?”

Step 2: Teaching

Teacher explains evaporation using a diagram and real-life examples.

Step 3: Assessment

Learners are asked:

  • Define evaporation
  • Give an example

Step 4: Feedback

Teacher corrects misconceptions immediately.

Step 5: Adjustment

Teacher repeats explanation using a practical demonstration.


Characteristics of Effective Formative Assessment


1. Regular

It should occur throughout lessons.


2. Purposeful

Each activity must have a clear learning goal.


3. Feedback-Oriented

Feedback is more important than marks.


4. Learner-Centred

Learners should actively participate.


Common Mistakes Teachers Make


1. Treating Formative Assessment as Formal Testing Only

It is more than written tests.


2. Not Giving Feedback

Without feedback, assessment loses meaning.


3. Focusing Only on High Achievers

All learners must be involved.


4. Ignoring Assessment Results

Teachers sometimes continue teaching without adjusting methods.


Benefits of Formative Assessment in Basic Schools


1. Improves Academic Performance

Learners understand better through continuous support.


2. Builds Confidence

Frequent participation reduces fear of mistakes.


3. Encourages Critical Thinking

Learners learn to explain and apply knowledge.


4. Supports Inclusive Education

Weak learners receive targeted support.


Role of Teachers

Teachers should:

  • Plan assessment activities
  • Observe learners carefully
  • Provide constructive feedback
  • Adjust teaching methods

Role of School Leaders

Headteachers should:

  • Encourage assessment integration
  • Support teacher training
  • Monitor classroom practices

Role of Parents

Parents support learning by:

  • Monitoring homework
  • Encouraging revision
  • Communicating with teachers

Technology and Formative Assessment

Technology enhances assessment practices.

Examples:

  • Online quizzes
  • Educational apps
  • Interactive videos

Practical Example

A teacher uses a mobile quiz tool to assess learners after a lesson on plant parts.

Internal Learning Support

Related articles:

External Reference

For curriculum guidance, refer to National Council for Curriculum and Assessment and implementation support from Ghana Education Service.

Conclusion

Formative assessment is a powerful tool for improving teaching and learning in basic schools. It allows teachers to identify learning gaps early, provide immediate feedback, and adjust instruction to meet learner needs.

When used effectively, formative assessment transforms classrooms into interactive learning environments where students are actively engaged and supported throughout the learning process.

Teachers who consistently apply formative assessment strategies are more likely to improve learner performance and build stronger academic foundations.


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How to Answer Essay Questions in Integrated Science: A Complete Guide for Students in Ghana

Ferdinand  | EducationGhana | May 17 | How to Answer Essay Questions in Integrated Science: A Complete Guide for Students in Ghana

 

Learn how to answer Integrated Science essay questions effectively. This guide explains structure, marking schemes, keywords, and practical examples for BECE and WASSCE success.

Introduction

Integrated Science is one of the most important subjects in Ghana’s basic and senior high school curriculum. It tests students’ understanding of biological, physical, and chemical concepts, as well as their ability to apply scientific knowledge to real-life situations.

Many students struggle with essay questions in Integrated Science not because they lack knowledge, but because they do not understand how to structure answers in line with marking schemes. Examiners are not only looking for correct facts, but also clarity, relevance, and proper presentation.

This guide explains how to answer Integrated Science essay questions effectively, with practical examples to help students improve their performance in examinations such as BECE and WASSCE, under the standards set by the West African Examinations Council and classroom expectations from the Ghana Education Service.

Understanding Essay Questions in Integrated Science

Essay questions require students to explain, describe, discuss, or apply scientific concepts in written form.

Unlike objective questions, essay questions test:

  • Understanding of concepts
  • Ability to explain processes
  • Application of knowledge
  • Communication skills

 

Common Instructional Words in Science Essays

Students must understand command words:

  • Define – give meaning
  • Explain – give reasons and details
  • Describe – give step-by-step account
  • State – list points briefly
  • Discuss – give advantages and disadvantages

Practical Example

Question:
Explain how plants make their food.

The word “explain” requires:

  • Process description
  • Clear steps
  • Scientific accuracy

 

Structure of a Good Science Essay Answer

A well-structured answer improves marks significantly.

1. Introduction or Definition

Start with a brief definition or statement.

Example

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants manufacture their food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.

2. Main Explanation

Provide detailed steps or points.

Example

Plants use sunlight energy absorbed by chlorophyll in leaves to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

3. Use of Scientific Terms

Examiners expect correct scientific vocabulary.

Example Terms:

  • Chlorophyll
  • Stomata
  • Respiration
  • Evaporation

4. Logical Arrangement of Points

Points should follow a sequence.

Example

Instead of writing randomly, present steps in order:

  1. Absorption of sunlight
  2. Intake of carbon dioxide
  3. Production of glucose

5. Conclusion (When Required)

Summarise the process briefly.

How Marks Are Awarded in Science Essays

Examiners use marking schemes that allocate marks for:

  • Correct points
  • Relevant explanations
  • Use of keywords
  • Logical presentation

Practical Example

If a question carries 6 marks:

  • 1 mark for definition
  • 4 marks for explanation steps
  • 1 mark for correct terminology

Step-by-Step Strategy for Answering Science Essays

Step 1: Read the Question Carefully

Understand what is being asked.

Example

“Describe the water cycle”

You must explain the process, not define water.

Step 2: Identify Command Words

Determine whether you are to:

  • Explain
  • State
  • Describe

Step 3: Plan Your Answer Briefly

Think before writing.

Step 4: Write in Clear Paragraphs or Numbered Points

Structured answers are easier to mark.

Step 5: Use Correct Scientific Language

Avoid vague or informal language.

Practical Example of a Good Answer

Question:

Explain the process of evaporation.

Answer:

Evaporation is the process by which water changes from liquid to vapour due to heat from the sun. When water bodies such as rivers and lakes are heated, water molecules gain energy and escape into the atmosphere as water vapour. This process contributes to the water cycle in nature.

Common Mistakes Students Make

1. Writing Too Much Irrelevant Information

Example

A student writes about rainfall when asked about evaporation.

2. Poor Sentence Structure

Confusing or incomplete sentences reduce marks.

3. Ignoring Command Words

Failing to explain when asked leads to low marks.

4. Lack of Scientific Terms

Using everyday language instead of scientific vocabulary.

5. Poor Organisation

Random points instead of structured answers.

How to Improve Science Essay Writing Skills

1. Practise Past Questions

Past questions help students understand patterns.

2. Learn Key Definitions

Strong definitions improve introduction marks.

3. Use Diagrams Where Necessary

Diagrams support explanations.

Example

A labelled diagram of the human heart improves clarity.

4. Revise Core Topics Regularly

Focus on:

  • Plants and animals
  • Matter and energy
  • Ecology
  • Health science

5. Write and Review Answers

Self-assessment improves writing skills.

Time Management During Science Exams

Practical Tips

  • Allocate time per question
  • Start with easier questions
  • Leave time for revision

Example Strategy

If the paper is 2 hours:

  • 20 minutes for short answers
  • 80 minutes for essays
  • 20 minutes for review

Role of Teachers in Improving Essay Writing

Teachers should:

  • Teach answer structure
  • Provide model answers
  • Give feedback on written work
  • Conduct regular practice tests

Role of Students

Students must:

  • Practise regularly
  • Memorise key terms
  • Ask questions in class
  • Revise consistently

Role of Parents

Parents can support by:

  • Providing study time
  • Encouraging revision
  • Monitoring progress

Use of Technology in Learning Science

Technology improves understanding through:

  • Educational videos
  • Simulations
  • Online quizzes

Practical Example

A student watches a video on the water cycle and understands evaporation, condensation, and precipitation more clearly.

Internal Learning Support

Related articles:


External Reference

For curriculum guidance and science standards, refer to National Council for Curriculum and Assessment and examination guidelines from West African Examinations Council.

Conclusion

Answering Integrated Science essay questions effectively requires more than memorisation. Students must understand concepts, use correct scientific language, and present answers in a structured and logical manner.

Success in science examinations depends on consistent practice, understanding of command words, and the ability to apply knowledge to real-life situations. Students who master these skills are more likely to achieve higher grades in BECE and WASSCE.

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WAEC Grading System Explained for Students and Parents in Ghana

Ferdinand  | EducationGhana | May 17 | WAEC Grading System Explained for Students and Parents in Ghana

 
Understand the WAEC grading system in detail. This guide explains grades, interpretations, aggregates, and how WASSCE results are calculated for students and parents in Ghana.

Introduction

The West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) plays a decisive role in the academic and professional future of students in Ghana and across West Africa. However, many students and parents do not fully understand how grades are awarded or how final results are interpreted.

This lack of understanding often leads to confusion, unrealistic expectations, and difficulty in interpreting result slips after examinations. A clear understanding of the grading system is therefore essential for making informed decisions about university admission, career pathways, and academic planning.

The WAEC grading system is administered by the West African Examinations Council and is used to assess student performance across all participating countries, including Ghana.

This article provides a detailed and practical explanation of the grading system, including how grades are awarded, what they mean, and how students can improve their performance.

What Is the WAEC Grading System?

The WAEC grading system is a standardised method used to evaluate student performance in WASSCE examinations. It assigns grades based on raw scores obtained in each subject.

Each grade reflects the level of achievement of a student in relation to the examination standards set by WAEC.

WAEC Grades and Their Meaning

WAEC uses a grading scale that ranges from A1 (highest) to F9 (fail).

WAEC Grading Table

Grade Interpretation Score Range
A1 Excellent 75–100%
B2 Very Good 70–74%
B3 Good 65–69%
C4 Credit 60–64%
C5 Credit 55–59%
C6 Credit 50–54%
D7 Pass 45–49%
E8 Pass 40–44%
F9 Fail 0–39%

Explanation of Each Grade

A1 (Excellent)

Represents outstanding performance. Students demonstrate deep understanding and accuracy.

B2 and B3 (Very Good and Good)

Indicate strong performance with minor errors.

C4 to C6 (Credit)

Considered the minimum requirement for most tertiary institutions.

D7 and E8 (Pass)

Indicate weak performance. May not be accepted by universities.

F9 (Fail)

Indicates that the student did not meet minimum requirements.

How WAEC Calculates Grades

Grades are not assigned arbitrarily. WAEC uses statistical and standardised marking procedures.

The process includes:

  • Marking schemes developed by subject experts
  • Standardisation across different examiners
  • Moderation of scripts
  • Final score conversion into grades

Practical Example

A student scoring:

  • 78% in Mathematics receives A1
  • 52% in Science receives C6
  • 38% in English receives F9

Each subject is graded independently.

What Is an Aggregate Score?

In Ghana, university admission often depends on aggregate scores rather than individual grades.

How Aggregates Are Calculated

The best six subjects are selected:

  • Three core subjects
  • Three elective subjects

Grades are converted into numerical values:

Grade Value
A1 1
B2 2
B3 3
C4 4
C5 5
C6 6
D7 7
E8 8
F9 9

Practical Example

A student with the following grades:

  • A1 (1)
  • B2 (2)
  • B3 (3)
  • C4 (4)
  • C5 (5)
  • C6 (6)

Aggregate = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 21

A lower aggregate score is better.

Why Understanding the Grading System Matters

1. Helps Students Set Realistic Targets

Students can aim for specific grades instead of guessing.

Example

A student targeting university admission may aim for at least C6 or better in all subjects.

2. Improves Academic Planning

Understanding grading helps students focus on weak areas.

3. Assists Parents in Monitoring Progress

Parents can better interpret report cards and results.

4. Guides University Admission Decisions

Institutions use aggregates to determine eligibility.

The Ghana Tertiary Education Commission oversees admission standards for tertiary institutions.

Common Misunderstandings About WAEC Grades

1. Believing Raw Marks Equal Final Grades

Raw scores are converted into grades after moderation.

2. Thinking One Good Grade Guarantees Admission

Admission depends on aggregate performance, not a single subject.

3. Assuming All Subjects Carry Equal Weight Everywhere

Different programmes may prioritise specific subjects.

How Students Can Improve WAEC Grades

1. Focus on Understanding, Not Memorisation

Example

Instead of memorising essays, students should understand structure and practice writing.

2. Practise Past Questions Regularly

Past questions help students understand exam patterns.

3. Strengthen Weak Subjects

Improving weak subjects can significantly reduce aggregate scores.

4. Use Active Revision Techniques

  • Summarising notes
  • Teaching others
  • Practising timed tests

5. Seek Teacher Support

Teachers can clarify difficult concepts and provide guidance.

Role of Teachers in Improving Grades

Teachers should:

  • Explain grading expectations
  • Provide continuous assessment
  • Offer feedback on performance
  • Organise revision sessions

Role of Parents

Parents should:

  • Monitor study habits
  • Encourage discipline
  • Provide learning materials
  • Support emotional wellbeing

Technology and WAEC Preparation

Technology supports learning when used properly.

Examples

  • Online revision platforms
  • Educational videos
  • Digital quizzes

Internal Learning Support

Related articles:

  • How to Prepare for WASSCE 2026
  • Common Exam Mistakes Students Make
  • How to Study Effectively at Home

External Reference

For official grading standards and examination policies, refer to West African Examinations Council.

Conclusion

Understanding the WAEC grading system is essential for students, parents, and educators. It provides clarity on how performance is measured and how academic outcomes influence future opportunities.

Success in WASSCE depends not only on hard work but also on strategic preparation, understanding of the grading system, and consistent academic effort.

Students who understand how grades are calculated are better positioned to set realistic goals and achieve academic success.

Related Articles


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Common Mistakes Students Make in Exams and How to Avoid Them: A Complete Guide for Academic Success

Ferdinand  | EducationGhana | May 17 | Common Mistakes Students Make in Exams and How to Avoid Them: A Complete Guide for Academic Success

Discover the most common mistakes students make during exams and learn practical ways to avoid them. This complete guide helps Ghanaian students improve performance and examination confidence.


Introduction

Many students fail examinations not because they lack intelligence or preparation, but because of avoidable mistakes made before, during, and after the examination. In Ghanaian schools, teachers often observe students who study hard yet perform below expectation due to poor time management, examination anxiety, weak answering techniques, and ineffective revision strategies.

Examinations such as the Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE), the West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE), and university assessments require more than knowledge alone. Students must also understand how to approach examinations strategically and confidently.

This article examines common mistakes students make in examinations and provides practical solutions for avoiding them. The guide is designed for students, parents, and teachers seeking to improve academic performance and examination readiness.

The strategies discussed align with educational best practices promoted within the Ghana Education Service and examination standards established by the West African Examinations Council.

Why Students Fail Despite Studying Hard

Success in examinations depends on:

  • Preparation quality
  • Understanding of concepts
  • Examination techniques
  • Time management
  • Emotional readiness

Practical Example

Two students may spend equal hours studying. However, the student who practises past questions, revises consistently, and manages examination stress effectively often performs better.

Common Exam Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

1. Starting Preparation Too Late

One of the most common mistakes students make is postponing serious study until a few days before the examination.

Why This Is Dangerous

Last-minute learning:

  • Increases stress
  • Reduces retention
  • Limits understanding

Practical Example

A student attempts to revise an entire Integrated Science syllabus within two nights before WASSCE. The learner becomes overwhelmed and forgets important concepts during the examination.

How to Avoid It

  • Start preparation early
  • Create a study timetable
  • Revise topics gradually

Example of Better Practice

Instead of waiting until the final week, revise one topic daily over several months.

*  How to Improve Student Performance in Basic Schools in Ghana: A Practical Guide for Teachers and School Leaders

 

2. Memorising Without Understanding

Some students focus entirely on memorisation.

Why This Causes Problems

Modern examinations test:

  • Application
  • Analysis
  • Problem-solving

Not only memorisation.

Practical Example

A student memorises the definition of erosion but cannot explain how poor farming practices contribute to erosion in local communities.

How to Avoid It

  • Focus on understanding concepts
  • Relate lessons to real-life situations
  • Practise application questions

3. Ignoring Past Questions

Many students study textbooks but fail to practise examination questions.

Why Past Questions Matter

Past questions:

  • Reveal examination patterns
  • Improve confidence
  • Develop time management skills

Practical Example

A student preparing for Mathematics notices through past questions that algebra appears frequently and decides to focus revision accordingly.

How to Avoid This Mistake

  • Solve past questions regularly
  • Practise under timed conditions
  • Review marking schemes where available

4. Poor Time Management During Exams

Students often spend too much time on difficult questions.

Practical Example

A learner spends 40 minutes on one essay question and rushes through the remaining questions.

Consequences

  • Incomplete answers
  • Lost marks
  • Increased panic

How to Avoid It

  • Allocate time per question
  • Start with easier questions
  • Move on if stuck temporarily

Example Strategy

For a two-hour paper:

  • Objective section: 30 minutes
  • Essay section: 90 minutes

Leave time for review.

5. Failure to Read Instructions Carefully

Some students answer questions incorrectly because they misunderstand instructions.

Practical Example

The question says:

“State three causes.”

The student explains causes instead of listing them briefly.

How to Avoid It

Before answering:

  • Read the question twice
  • Identify command words such as:
    • Explain
    • State
    • Describe
    • Compare

6. Examination Anxiety and Panic

Fear affects concentration and memory.

Signs of Exam Anxiety

  • Sweating excessively
  • Forgetting known answers
  • Panic during difficult questions

How to Improve Student Performance in Basic Schools in Ghana: A Practical Guide for Teachers and School Leaders

Practical Example

A well-prepared student enters the examination hall feeling nervous and suddenly struggles to recall formulas.

How to Avoid It

  • Prepare consistently
  • Sleep adequately before exams
  • Practise mock tests
  • Use positive thinking

7. Neglecting Weak Subjects

Students sometimes avoid difficult subjects entirely.

Practical Example

A student dislikes Mathematics and spends all revision time on Social Studies and English.

Consequence

Poor performance in one core subject may affect overall results significantly.

How to Avoid It

  • Give extra attention to difficult subjects
  • Seek help from teachers or peers
  • Practise weak areas consistently

8. Poor Handwriting and Presentation

Examiners may struggle to understand poorly written answers.

Practical Example

A learner writes answers so poorly that words become unreadable.

How to Avoid It

  • Write clearly
  • Leave proper spacing
  • Underline headings where appropriate

Good presentation improves readability.

9. Failure to Revise Properly

Some students read repeatedly without testing themselves.

Why This Is Ineffective

Passive reading creates false confidence.

Better Revision Methods

  • Summarise notes
  • Teach others
  • Answer practice questions
  • Use flashcards and diagrams

Practical Example

A Biology student draws labelled diagrams repeatedly until memorisation and understanding improve.

10. Depending on “Apor” or Leaked Questions

Overdependence on leaked questions is risky and unethical.

Problems with This Approach

  • Questions may not appear
  • Students neglect full preparation
  • Ethical consequences may arise

Better Alternative

Focus on:

  • Understanding concepts
  • Broad revision
  • Examination techniques

11. Ignoring Health During Preparation

Health affects academic performance.

Common Mistakes

  • Sleeping too little
  • Skipping meals
  • Excessive stress

Practical Example

A student studies all night before the exam and becomes too tired to concentrate during the paper.

How to Avoid It

  • Sleep adequately
  • Eat balanced meals
  • Stay hydrated

12. Discussing Answers Excessively After Exams

Some students lose confidence after discussing answers immediately after papers.

Practical Example

A learner leaves the examination hall feeling confident but becomes discouraged after hearing different answers from peers.

Better Approach

Focus on preparing for the next paper instead of overanalysing completed exams.

13. Poor Attendance During Academic Year

Consistent absenteeism affects understanding.

Practical Example

A student who misses classes regularly struggles to understand revision lessons near examination time.

Solution

Attend classes consistently and seek clarification when absent.

14. Lack of Confidence

Negative thinking affects performance.

Practical Example

A student enters the examination hall convinced of failure even before writing begins.

How to Build Confidence

  • Prepare thoroughly
  • Celebrate small progress
  • Practise regularly

Confidence grows through preparation.

Effective Exam Preparation Strategies

Create a Study Timetable

A timetable promotes discipline.

Example

Time Activity
5:00–6:00 am Mathematics revision
4:00–5:00 pm Science exercises
7:00–8:00 pm English reading

Join Productive Study Groups

Study groups help students:

  • Share ideas
  • Clarify difficult concepts
  • Stay motivated

Practise Under Examination Conditions

Simulate actual examination environments.

Example

Set a timer and answer questions without interruptions.

Use Multiple Learning Resources

Students should combine:

  • Class notes
  • Textbooks
  • Past questions
  • Educational videos

Role of Teachers

Teachers should:

  • Teach examination techniques
  • Organise mock tests
  • Provide constructive feedback

Role of Parents

Parents can help by:

  • Providing study support
  • Reducing distractions
  • Encouraging discipline and confidence

Technology and Examination Preparation

Technology can improve revision when used properly.

Useful Tools

  • Educational apps
  • Online tutorials
  • Digital past questions

Internal Learning Support

Related articles:

  • How to Study Effectively at Home
  • How to Prepare for WASSCE 2026
  • How to Improve Student Performance in Schools

External Reference

For official examination information and updates, consult West African Examinations Council.

Conclusion

Examination success depends not only on intelligence but also on preparation, discipline, strategy, and emotional readiness. Many mistakes students make during examinations are preventable with proper guidance and consistent effort.

Students who start preparation early, understand concepts deeply, practise regularly, manage time effectively, and maintain confidence are more likely to perform well academically.

Examinations should not be approached with fear alone but with preparation and determination.

Related Articles

How to Pass BECE 7 How to Prepare for WASSCE 2026 Continuous Assessment Explained in Ghana: A Complete Guide for Teachers invigilators 2026: Complete Study Guide improve for Ghanaian Students
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How to Prepare for WASSCE 2026: Complete Study Guide for SHS Students in Ghana

Ferdinand  | EducationGhana | May 16 | How to Prepare for WASSCE 2026: Complete Study Guide for SHS Students in Ghana

Prepare effectively for WASSCE 2026 with this complete study guide for Ghanaian students. Learn proven strategies, subject tips, revision methods, and examination techniques for success.


Introduction

The West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE) is one of the most important academic examinations for senior high school students in Ghana and across West Africa. Performance in WASSCE influences university admission, scholarships, employment opportunities, and career pathways.

Every year, thousands of candidates sit for the examination, yet many students struggle due to poor preparation methods, ineffective study habits, examination anxiety, and lack of proper guidance. Success in WASSCE is not based on luck alone. It requires discipline, planning, consistency, and the right learning strategies.

This comprehensive guide provides practical and realistic strategies to help students prepare effectively for WASSCE 2026. The recommendations align with examination standards from the West African Examinations Council and best practices in academic preparation.

 

Understanding the WASSCE Examination

Before preparing for the examination, students must understand its structure and expectations.

WASSCE assesses:

  • Knowledge and understanding
  • Application of concepts
  • Analytical and problem-solving skills

The examination covers both:

  • Core subjects
  • Elective subjects based on programme of study

Why Proper Preparation Matters

Proper preparation:

  • Reduces examination anxiety
  • Improves confidence
  • Enhances retention and understanding
  • Increases chances of obtaining better grades

 

Practical Example

Two students may have equal intelligence, but the one with a structured study plan and consistent revision is more likely to perform better.

Creating an Effective Study Timetable

A study timetable provides structure and consistency.

Features of a Good Timetable

A good timetable should:

  • Cover all subjects
  • Allocate more time to difficult areas
  • Include revision periods
  • Provide short breaks

Practical Example of a Daily Timetable

Time Activity
5:00–6:00 am Mathematics revision
4:00–5:00 pm Science practice questions
7:00–8:00 pm English comprehension

Consistency is more important than studying for extremely long hours.

Understanding Your Learning Style

Students learn differently.

Some learn best through:

  • Reading and writing
  • Visual diagrams
  • Group discussions
  • Practical demonstrations

Practical Example

A visual learner studying Biology may remember concepts better through labelled diagrams rather than lengthy notes.

Importance of Attending Classes Regularly

Classroom teaching remains essential.

Teachers:

  • Explain difficult concepts
  • Provide guidance on likely examination areas
  • Clarify misunderstandings

Students who frequently miss classes often struggle during revision.

Effective Note-Taking Strategies

Good notes simplify revision.

Tips for Better Notes

  • Write short summaries
  • Highlight key points
  • Use headings and bullet points
  • Include examples

Practical Example

Instead of copying an entire textbook chapter, summarise the causes of soil erosion into short points with examples.

Mastering Past Questions

Past questions are among the most effective preparation tools.

Benefits of Past Questions

  • Familiarity with question patterns
  • Better time management
  • Identification of repeated topics
  • Improved confidence

Practical Example

A student practising past Mathematics questions discovers that algebra and statistics appear frequently and allocates more revision time to those areas.

Subject-by-Subject Preparation Strategies

English Language

English is compulsory and highly important for university admission.

Key Areas to Focus On

  • Comprehension
  • Essay writing
  • Grammar
  • Summary writing

Practical Tips

Reading Habit

Read newspapers, articles, and novels regularly.

Essay Practice

Write essays weekly on different topics.

Vocabulary Development

Learn new words and use them in sentences.

Practical Example

A student improves essay writing by reading editorials and practising introductions and conclusions regularly.

Mathematics

Many students fear Mathematics, but regular practice improves performance.

Key Areas

  • Algebra
  • Trigonometry
  • Statistics
  • Word problems

Practical Tips

  • Practise calculations daily
  • Memorise formulas
  • Solve problems step-by-step

Practical Example

Instead of memorising formulas only, a student solves practical examples repeatedly until the method becomes familiar.

Integrated Science

Science requires understanding and application.

Key Areas

  • Human biology
  • Chemistry concepts
  • Physics calculations
  • Environmental science

Practical Example

A student studying electricity performs simple practical demonstrations using batteries and bulbs to understand circuits.

Social Studies

Social Studies requires critical thinking and application to real-life issues.

Practical Tips

  • Relate concepts to Ghanaian society
  • Use examples from current events
  • Practise structured answers

Example

When discussing environmental sanitation, refer to waste management challenges in local communities.

Elective Subject Preparation

Students should give equal attention to elective subjects.

Practical Example

A Business student should practise accounting calculations regularly rather than reading theory alone.

Developing Strong Revision Habits

Revision strengthens memory and understanding.

Effective Revision Methods

  • Use summary notes
  • Revise difficult topics repeatedly
  • Practise under timed conditions

Practical Example

A student revises one topic every evening and tests understanding immediately afterward.

Group Study and Discussion

Study groups can improve understanding when managed properly.

Benefits

  • Sharing ideas
  • Clarifying difficult concepts
  • Improving motivation

Practical Example

Students discussing Chemistry equations together often understand calculations better than studying alone.

Managing Examination Anxiety

Fear and anxiety affect performance negatively.

Practical Strategies

  • Prepare early
  • Sleep adequately
  • Avoid comparing yourself excessively with others
  • Stay positive

Practical Example

A student who practises mock examinations regularly becomes more confident during the actual exam.

Time Management During the Examination

Many students lose marks due to poor time management.

Practical Tips

  • Read instructions carefully
  • Start with easier questions
  • Avoid spending too much time on one question
  • Review answers before submission

Practical Example

A student allocates:

  • 20 minutes for objective questions
  • Remaining time for essays and calculations

Importance of Good Health During Preparation

Academic success also depends on physical and mental health.

Healthy Habits

  • Eat balanced meals
  • Drink enough water
  • Sleep adequately
  • Avoid excessive stress

Avoiding Common Mistakes

Mistake 1: Cramming

Last-minute learning reduces retention.

Mistake 2: Ignoring Weak Subjects

Students should improve weak areas rather than avoid them.

Mistake 3: Overdependence on “Apor”

Students should focus on understanding concepts rather than relying on leaked questions or predictions.

Mistake 4: Poor Attendance

Skipping classes affects understanding and revision.

Role of Teachers and Parents

Teachers Should:

  • Provide guidance
  • Organise revision sessions
  • Encourage students

Parents Should:

  • Provide study support
  • Reduce distractions at home
  • Encourage discipline

Technology and WASSCE Preparation

Technology can support learning when used properly.


Useful Educational Tools

  • Online tutorials
  • Educational apps
  • Digital past questions

Practical Example

A student uses online Mathematics tutorials to revise difficult topics independently.

Internal Learning Support

Related articles:

How to Improve Student Performance in Basic Schools in Ghana: A Practical Guide for Teachers and School Leaders

How to Write Lesson Notes Effectively in Ghana: A Complete Guide for Teachers (With Practical Examples)

How to Study Effectively at Home: A Complete Guide for Students in Ghana

 

External Reference

For official examination guidelines and updates, consult West African Examinations Council.

Conclusion

Success in WASSCE 2026 requires preparation, discipline, consistency, and confidence. Students who plan their studies carefully, practise regularly, and maintain positive attitudes are more likely to achieve excellent results.

Academic success is not achieved overnight. It develops through steady effort, effective revision, and proper examination techniques. With the right approach, every student can improve performance and increase opportunities for future education and career growth.

 

How to Pass BECE 7 How to Prepare for WASSCE 2026 Continuous Assessment Explained in Ghana: A Complete Guide for Teachers invigilators 2026: Complete Study Guide improve for Ghanaian Students
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GES Clarifies Responsibility Allowance for Teaching and Non-Teaching Staff

Ferdinand  | EducationGhana | May 12 | GES Clarifies Responsibility Allowance for Teaching and Non-Teaching Staff

Ghana Education Service (GES) explains categories of staff entitled to Responsibility Allowance and clarifies how the allowance is captured under the Single Spine Salary Structure.


GES Addresses Concerns Over Responsibility Allowance

The Ghana Education Service (GES) has issued fresh clarification on the payment of Responsibility Allowance following growing concerns and misunderstandings among sections of staff within the Service.

Management stated that several interpretations circulating among employees regarding eligibility and payment structures were inaccurate, making it necessary to provide official guidance.

Teaching Staff Eligible for Responsibility Allowance

According to GES, the responsibility allowance is payable only to professional teachers within specific ranks. These include:

  • Deputy Director
  • Assistant Director I
  • Assistant Director II
  • Principal Superintendent

The Service explained that eligibility is tied to designated responsibilities assigned to staff within schools and administrative offices.

Responsibilities That Qualify for the Allowance

GES listed the following positions and duties as qualifying for Responsibility Allowance among teaching staff:

  • School Heads at the basic level
  • Headmasters and Headmistresses in SHSs
  • Assistant Headmasters and Assistant Headmistresses
  • Chaplains and Imams
  • Form Masters and Form Mistresses
  • Guidance and Counselling Coordinators
  • Heads of Department or Programme Heads
  • House Masters and House Mistresses
  • Frontline Heads at district and regional levels
  • Unit Heads at GES Headquarters

Recognised Departments Under the Policy

Management clarified that “Heads of Department” specifically refers to the following academic departments:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Business
  • Technical
  • Home Economics
  • Visual Arts
  • General Science
  • General Arts
  • Languages
  • Mathematics and ICT

Non-Teaching Staff Also Covered

GES further explained that certain non-teaching staff are entitled to the allowance. These include:

  • Principal Accountant (Substantive)
  • Principal Internal Auditor (Substantive)
  • Principal Administrative Officer officially posted as Head of Administrative Unit by the Regional Director

Related Articles

 

Allowance Already Embedded in Salary Structure

One of the key clarifications issued by Management relates to how the allowance is paid.

According to GES, the responsibilities attached to qualifying positions are already factored into salaries under the Single Spine Salary Structure.

As a result, staff should note that there is no separate line item labelled “Responsibility Allowance” on their payslips.

GES Seeks to End Ongoing Agitations

The statement, signed by Mrs. Adjoa Van Vicker, Director of Human Resource Management and Development (HRMD), expressed hope that the clarification would address concerns and reduce agitation among staff.

Copies of the directive were forwarded to the Director-General of GES, Deputy Directors-General, the Chief Internal Auditor, and the IPPD Unit at the headquarters.


 

New Curriculum in classroom TEACHER Ghana Explained: What Teachers Must Know for Effective Implementation

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♥Copyright Notice: Content on This Website is Copyright Protected. No Part of this Content should be Reproduced without the Consent of the Author(s) or Recognition of the source of the Content.© 2020 – 2026 Ellis Multimedia: EducationGhana.org All Rights Reserved.♥